Monitoring Lipophilic Toxins in Seawater Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Liquid Chromatography with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

The use of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) is proposed for the preconcentration of thirteen lipophilic marine toxins in seawater samples. For this purpose, 0.5 mL of methanol and 440 mu L of chloroform were injected into 12 mL of sample. The enriched organic phase, once evaporated and reconstituted in methanol, was analyzed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. A central composite design multivariate method was used to optimize the interrelated parameters affecting DLLME efficiency. The absence of any matrix effect in the samples allowed them to be quantified against aqueous standards. The optimized procedure was validated by recovery studies, which provided values in the 82-123% range. The detection limits varied between 0.2 and 5.7 ng L-1, depending on the analyte, and the intraday precision values were in the 0.1-7.5% range in terms of relative standard deviation. Ten water samples taken from different points of the Mar Menor lagoon were analyzed and were found to be free of the studied toxins.

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Oller-Ruiz A. Campillo N. Hernandez-Cordoba M. Gilabert J. y Vinas P. Monitoring Lipophilic Toxins in Seawater Using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction and Liquid Chromatography with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. MDPI, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010057

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Retrieved: 08 Nov 2025 05:44:19
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Resource type Article
Date of creation 2024-11-05
Date of last revision 2024-11-05
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Metadata identifier dd7326be-c55f-577e-b5ca-f55df15d299b
Metadata language Spanish
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High-value dataset category Earth observation and environment
ISO 19115 topic category biota
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Name of the dataset creator Oller-Ruiz, A., Campillo, N., Hernandez-Cordoba, M., Gilabert, J. y Vinas, P.
Name of the dataset editor MDPI
Other identifier DOI: 10.3390/toxins13010057
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Email of the dataset creator ainhoa.oller@um.es
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